Styles and directions

The genre palette of J-pop

"J-pop" is more of an umbrella term than a single sound. Dozens of directions live inside it — here are six of the most recognizable.

Idol pop

Idol pop

Bright, energetic songs with group vocals and synchronized choreography. Built around the performers' image and their closeness with fans just as much as the music itself.

City pop

City pop

The smooth, "summery" sound of the late '70s–'80s, with soft basslines and jazzy chords. Experienced a second life thanks to online discoveries decades later.

Visual kei

Visual kei

A rock-oriented direction where a bold, theatrical image matters just as much as the guitar parts. Often overlaps with glam rock and gothic aesthetics.

Anison

Anison (anime songs)

Anime opening and ending themes that often take on a life of their own as hits — dynamic, emotional, and built around a memorable chorus.

Denpa

Denpa

Deliberately "overloaded" electro-pop with a fast tempo and almost chaotic energy — a niche direction that grew out of otaku culture and video game soundtracks.

Digital / Vocaloid-influenced

Digital pop

A direction shaped by Vocaloid-scene aesthetics: intricate, almost "programmed" arrangements and vocals that sound both human and synthetic at once.